What is an Anal Fistula?
An anal fistula is essentially a small tunnel that develops under the skin, connecting an internal infected gland inside the anus to an opening on the skin around the anus.
Why do they form?
Most anal fistulas are the result of an anal abscess (a collection of pus) that didn’t heal completely or wasn’t drained properly. Think of it like a persistent “track” that refuses to close because it is constantly irritated by bacteria.
Types of Fistulas
Not all fistulas are the same. They are generally categorized based on their location and how much of the sphincter muscle they involve:
- 🔹 Simple Fistula: A single tunnel that doesn’t involve much muscle.
- 🔹 Complex Fistula: Tunnels that may branch out or involve a significant portion of the sphincter muscle.
Dr. Shubham Gupta uses advanced diagnostic mapping to identify the exact path of the fistula, ensuring the treatment is as precise as possible.
Modern Treatment Options: Laser & Minimally Invasive Care
For many years, the standard treatment was a “fistulotomy”—cutting the tunnel open so it could heal from the inside out. Today, Dr. Gupta utilizes state-of-the-art minimally invasive techniques:
1. Laser Fistula Treatment (FiLaC)
This is a revolutionary, sphincter-preserving chimney-effect procedure. A thin laser fiber is inserted into the fistula track, emitting energy that seals the tunnel shut without damaging the surrounding healthy tissue or muscles.
2. VAAFT (Video-Assisted Anal Fistula Treatment)
This allows the surgeon to see inside the fistula track using a tiny camera (endoscope). It ensures that every branch of the fistula is cleaned and sealed, reducing the chance of recurrence.
The Benefits of Advanced Surgery:
- ✔ Minimal Pain: Significantly lower post-operative pain as there are no large incisions.
- ✔ No Risk of Incontinence: These methods preserve the sphincter muscle, maintaining full bowel control.
- ✔ Quick Recovery: Most patients return to their routine within 2–3 days.
- ✔ Cosmetic Advantage: No large scars or deep wounds requiring daily heavy dressing.
Addressing the Fear: Is the Surgery Risky?
A common misconception is that fistula surgery leads to a loss of bowel control. While this was a concern with older methods, modern minimally invasive technology is incredibly safe. The focus is entirely on sphincter preservation, keeping vital muscles completely intact.
Patient Guide: What to Expect
Diagnosis & Preparation
The journey begins with a physical examination, followed by an MRI or ultrasound to “map” the fistula. You may be asked to follow a liquid diet for 24 hours and use a mild laxative before the procedure.
Post-Operative Care Tips
- 🚿 Sitz Baths: Sitting in warm water for 10 minutes a few times a day keeps the area clean and relaxes muscles.
- 🥗 High-Fiber Diet: Focus on fruits, vegetables, and plenty of water for smooth bowel movements.
- 🚶 Short Rest Period: You can walk immediately, but avoid heavy lifting for about a week.
Trust Your Health to Gwalior’s Best
An anal fistula doesn’t have to define your life. Dr. Shubham Gupta combines technical mastery with a compassionate environment to provide a faster, safer, and more effective path to wellness.
Don’t let discomfort hold you back.
